The middle income trap

The middle income trap: More politics than economics – Richard F. Doner, Emory University, Ben Ross Schneider MIT Lecture by Ben Ross Schneider 19. December 2014.

Richard F. Doner is a professor of political science at the Emory University and Ben Ross Schneider is a professor of political science and director of MI.

“The middle income trap” is an academic term. The term is in process and the lecture described this process and how far the scientist has progressed in the search after a solution to the middle income trap.

What is the middle income trap? There are many different variables scientist use when they are defining a countries wealth. Different variables like welfare, taxes combined with a country’s GDP, scientist are able to classify it as middle income-low income country etcetera. The theory is that if a country attain a particular income because of given advantages it will get stuck at that level. This phenomena is called the middle income trap.

Few people are graduating to high income in the middle income trap. Many theories lead to expectations of convergence to high income, however the result has shown that is partly not true.

Wordlist: *R & D is an acronym for research and development. The process of researching and developing new methods or technics is named R & D. First people synthesize and theories, and then explore and state hypothesis based on the research material. Scale up and study effectiveness is important when it comes to the research and development process. In Europe the term research and technical is more often used.

*MI = middle income, MNC = multinational corporations * clientelism = the exchange of services and goods for political support.

*MNC = multinational corporations

Why is it a trap?

Economist have many lists of “policy remedies” but the main points are:

• A lack of many different investments, infrastructure, R & D, property rights, flexible labor markets and human capital.
• If we know how to get out of the MI trap. Why are not countries avoiding the trap in the first place?
• Political capacity is lower in the countries who growth into middle income countries,- States are weak, coalitions are difficult to form, constitutional problems. There are upgrading policies and those are institutional intensive. Institutions as schools, universities, labs, courts and public verses private market.

There are upgrading policies and those are institutional intensive. Institutions as schools, universities, labs, courts and public verses private market.

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